Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG)

About the Procedure

An Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a non-invasive procedure to record the electrical activity of the heart by using electrodes placed on the skin and connected to a device which produces a graphic read-out for interpretation. The test is performed as a part of routine physical exams, cardiac stress tests, pre-surgery workups, or an evaluation when symptoms indicate possible heart problems. These symptoms include heart murmurs, dizziness and fainting, seizures, arrhythmia, and a heart attack - whether acute, previous or threatened. ECG's are used continuously during anesthesia for patients at risk and for critically ill patients. Interpreting the graphic read-out requires training, although most physicians can read a short strip as part of an office exam. The ECG is a valuable tool and its application is found throughout the healthcare community. Portable devices are found in ambulances, community health events, clinics, fire department, and wherever emergency services are provided.

A thorough diagnostic electrocardiogram is performed in a physician's office, hospital, or out-patient facility. Patients lay flat on a bed or table and electrodes on small, round, self-adhesive pads are applied to each arm and leg and to pre-defined positions on the chest. Clips connect the wires from the ECG machine to the pads attached to the chest. When the painless, five minute test is started, the electrical activity is shown on graph paper printed from the ECG machine. After the procedure is completed, the pads will be removed and the patient is ready for discharge.

What to Know Before the Procedure

There are no known risks to having an ECG. Information on the heart's electrical activity is not relayed electrically so there is no risk of shock. When used in a stress test, if a patient develops arrhythmias or a heart attack, it is a result of the exercise or medication involved and not the ECG itself. In rare cases, some people may develop a rash or irritation where the patches were placed.

There is no preparation for an ECG. The doctor must be aware of all medications the patient is taking, as some can interfere with test results. To avoid influencing a false result, do not exercise or drink cold water immediately prior to an ECG.

What to Know After the Procedure

Once the ECG is completed, the pads are removed and the patient is ready for discharge. He or she may resume normal activities unless otherwise indicated by the doctor. Test results are usually available the same day it's performed. The doctor will discuss the electrocardiogram and if the data indicates that a treatment plan and/or further tests may be needed.

If you Need to Travel Outside of your Local Hospital

An ECG to diagnose a suspected heart ailment is a quick, painless, and common procedure with no after effects and an immediate return to normal activity. Due to the speed, nature, and cost of this procedure it is not beneficial to travel long distances in order to have it done on its own. However, it is often coupled with much more extensive procedures that may have a clear benefit to travel.