Knee Arthroscopy

About the Procedure

Arthroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure used to diagnose and repair damage done to a patient's joint. The procedure is so named due to the use of an arthroscope, a fiber optic camera fitted to the end of a long, narrow, flexible tube. The arthroscope is inserted into the joint via a small incision (typically less than 1/8 of an inch) and the camera sends what it sees to a video screen for the surgeon to observe. In this manner, the surgeon can identify the type and severity of damage that is present within the joint.

In many cases, the surgeon can go on to repair the damage during the same procedure. The surgeon uses small, specialized surgical tools to work within the confines of the small incisions.

The knee is the most common joint to be targeted by arthroscopic surgery as it bears tremendous impact even during normal every day activity. The minimally invasive nature of this procedure means the recovery times are very short. This has made arthroscopic knee surgery very popular amongst athletes who commonly suffer from a torn anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). The ACL as well as other ligaments and cartilage in the knee can be reconstructed or removed as needed during an arthroscopy.

What to Know Before the Procedure

Arthroscopic surgery is safe for any patient. It only requires local anesthesia to numb the joint area. The incisions are very small and heal quickly, making it easy to recover from, even if the patient is not in good general health. Despite this fact, you should still discuss any allergies you have or any prescribed medications you are on just to ensure there are no complications.

As with most other forms of surgery you should not eat or drink anything starting 12-16 hours prior to the procedure.

What to Know After the Procedure

After the operation, most patients need only an hour or two of recovery time before being able to return home, though they should not attempt to drive themselves. It's a good idea to have someone drive you home and assist you for the first day after the surgery as most patients are drowsy due to the anesthetics.

The surgical area will be swollen for up to 2 weeks after the operation. This is normal and is no cause for alarm. Once the swelling has subsided, it is safe to resume exercise as prescribed by your doctor, though you may still require a brace or crutches for longer. Your doctor may advise you to undergo physical therapy sessions to return your knee to full strength if necessary.

Though the incisions made during arthroscopic surgery are small, caring for them properly is still essential. It is important to avoid consuming depressants such as nicotine and alcohol as these can interfere with the healing process. Keep the wounds from the incisions clean, dry and bandaged at all times. If possible, cover the wounded area with plastic while bathing.

If you Need to Travel Outside of your Local Hospital

While there may not be many risks involved with arthroscopic knee surgery, it is delicate in nature due to the small operating area and specialized tools required to perform it. Finding a highly qualified surgeon will make a large difference in the recovery time and overall success of the procedure. Many highly qualified arthroscopic surgeons reside in the United States. There are also qualified surgeons in other countries and depending on where you travel to, the cost reduction can be very significant.

If fast recovery time and strong results are paramount to your lifestyle, having the surgery done domestically may be your best option. However, if money is a concern, there are many equally qualified surgeons around the world who you may seek out. Discuss your specific needs with several doctors before making a decision on whether to have this procedure performed domestically or abroad.